I love command line shortcuts and most apps have keyboard shortcuts to speed up your work flow.
Most people know that Command-S ( Ctrl-S for Windows) saves a document and is much faster then taking your hands off the keyboard to reach for the mouse/trackpad.
Here are a few common ones I use when editing documents in Photoshop.
New…Command-N (for Command use Ctrl for Windows users)
Open…Command-O
Save…Command-S
Undo…Command-Z
Step Back…Shift-Command-Z
Copy…Command-C
Free Transform…Command-T
New Layer…Shift-Command-N
Layer via Copy…Command-J (feels like my most often used command)
Merge Visible to new Layer…Shift-Option-Commamd-E (Option is Alt in Windows)
Lasso Tool…L
Spot Healing Brush…J (Toggle to different heal brushes Shift-J)
Brush…B
Some of these options are also programmed into my Wacom Tablet and Pen to speed up my work flow. The key is to just find a few things you do a lot and then learn the shortcut for them, its amazing how much time you can fine yourself saving.